capital是什么意思_capital怎么读_中英文释义(含例句用法)

one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis;"printers once kept the type for capitals and for small letters in separate cases; capitals were kept in the upper half of the type case and so became known as upper-case letters"

a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product;"the crime capital of Italy"
"the drug capital of Columbia"

the federal government of the United States

a book written by Karl Marx (1867) describing his economic theories

the upper part of a column that supports the entablature

Adjective:

first-rate;"a capital fellow"
"a capital idea"

of primary importance;"our capital concern was to avoid defeat"

uppercase;"capital A"
"great A"
"many medieval manuscripts are in majuscule script"

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中英词源

capital 首都，资本

来自词根cap, 头，词义外延不断扩大。

capital: capital: [13] Etymologically, capital is something that is at the top or ‘head’; it comes from Latin caput ‘head’. The various current English uses of the word reached us, however, by differing routes. The first to come was the adjective, which originally meant simply ‘of the head’ (Milton in Paradise lost wrote of the Serpent’s ‘capital bruise’, meaning the bruise to its head); this came via Old French capital from Latin capitālis, a derivative of caput.

The other senses of the adjective have derived from this: ‘capital punishment’, for instance, comes from the notion of a crime which, figuratively speaking, affects the head, or life. Its use as a noun dates from the 17th century: the immediate source of the financial sense is Italian capitale. The architectural capital ‘top of a column’ (as in ‘Corinthian capitals’) also comes from Latin caput, but in this case the intermediate form was the diminutive capitellum ‘little head’, which reached English in the 14th century via Old French capitel.
=> cattle, chapter, head
capital (adj.): early 13c., "of or pertaining to the head," from Old French capital, from Latin capitalis "of the head," hence "capital, chief, first," from caput (genitive capitis) "head" (see capitulum). Meaning "main, principal, chief, dominant, most important" is from early 15c. in English. Capital letter for an upper case one is attested from late 14c. The modern informal sense of "excellent, first-rate" is dated from 1762 in OED (as an exclamation of approval, OED"s first example is 1875), perhaps from earlier use of the word in reference to ships, "first-rate, powerful enough to be in the line of battle," attested from 1650s, fallen into disuse after 1918.

A capital crime (1520s) is one that affects the life or "head;" capital had a sense of "deadly, mortal" from late 14c. in English, a sense also found in Latin. The felt connection between "head" and "life, mortality" also existed in Old English: as in heafodgilt "deadly sin, capital offense," heafdes þolian "to forfeit life." Capital punishment was in Blackstone (1765) and classical Latin capitis poena. Capital gain is recorded from 1921. Capital goods is recorded from 1899. Related: Capitally.
capital (n.1): early 15c., "a capital letter," from capital (adj.). The meaning "capital city" is first recorded 1660s (the Old English word was heafodstol). The financial sense is from 1610s (Middle English had chief money "principal fund," mid-14c.), from Medieval Latin capitale "stock, property," noun use of neuter of capitalis "capital, chief, first." (The noun use of this adjective in classical Latin was for "a capital crime.")
[The term capital] made its first appearance in medieval Latin as an adjective capitalis (from caput, head) modifying the word pars, to designate the principal sum of a money loan. The principal part of a loan was contrasted with the "usury"--later called interest--the payment made to the lender in addition to the return of the sum lent. This usage, unknown to classical Latin, had become common by the thirteenth century and possibly had begun as early as 1100 A.D., in the first chartered towns of Europe. [Frank A. Fetter, "Reformulation of the Concepts of Capital and Income in Economics and Accounting," 1937, in "Capital, Interest, & Rent," 1977]
Also see cattle, and compare sense development of fee, pecuniary.
capital (n.2): "head of a column or pillar," late 13c., from Anglo-French capitel, Old French chapitel, or directly from Latin capitellum "little head," diminutive of caput (see capitulum).

词态变化

复数 capitals;

权威造句

1. You have to take capital appreciation of the property into account.: 你必须将该处房产的资本增值考虑在内。

2. There are reports of widespread dis-content in the capital.: 有报道称首都弥漫着不满的情绪。

3. The President"s unescorted vehicle was ambushed just outside the capital.: 刚出首都，总统无人护卫的汽车就遭到了伏击。

4. What other home offers such a commanding view of the capital?: 还有其他的房子能像这幢一样俯瞰首都吗？

5. The radio said other parts of the capital also came under shellfire.: 广播上说首都的其他地区也遭到了炮火袭击。

近反义词

assets

cash

finance

funds

wealth

adj.

central

essential

excellent

fine

foremost

相似短语

capital of capital construction 基本建设资金

financial capital 金融资本

negative capital 负债

chimney capital 烟囱帽顶

block capital 方块式柱头

average capital 平均资本

capital appreciation 资本增值

capital appropriation 投资拨款

capital balance 资本项目差额

capital budgeting 投资方案选择，投资预算，编制资本预算

单词分析

这些形容词均含有“首要的，主要的”之意。
chief指人时，表同类中职位最高，权力最大；指物时，表同类中最重要，价值最高。
principal用于人时，指地位优于其他人；用于物时，指该物在大小、重要性等方面优于他物。
main通常只用于物。指在一定范围内，某物的重要性、体积或力量等超过其它物。
major指同其他人或其它物、问题等相比较，显得更加重要和突出。
leading侧重指具有影响力或凝聚力。从而有主导和引导的作用。
capital着重指因重要性、意义、优越或重大而名列同类之首。
foremost侧重指在行进或发展过程中居首位。
primary通常不用于人。用于物时，指在重要性方面占第一位。

记忆方法

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capital是什么意思，capital怎么读

capital基本信息

英英释义