fee是什么意思_fee怎么读_中英文释义(含例句用法)

fee: fee: [14] Fee is a word bequeathed to modern English by the feudal system (and indeed it is closely related etymologically to feudal). It came via Anglo-Norman fee from medieval Latin feodum or feudum (source also of feudal [17]). This denoted ‘land or other property whose use was granted as a reward for service’, a meaning which persists in its essentials in modern English ‘payment for work done’.

The secondary signification of fee, ‘feudal estate’, is no longer a live sense, but it is represented in the related fief [17], a descendant of feodum, which English acquired through French rather than Anglo-Norman. The ultimate derivation of the medieval Latin term itself is not altogether clear, although it is usually assigned to an unrecorded Frankish *fehuōd, literally ‘cattle-property’ (*fehu has related forms in Old English féoh ‘cattle, property’ and Old Norse fé ‘cattle, money’ – joint sources of the first syllable of English fellow – and in modern German viehe ‘cattle’; they all go back ultimately to Indo- European *peku-, ancestor of a wide range of words meaning ‘cattle’ which, since in former times cattle were symbolic of wealth, in many cases came to signify ‘property’ too).
=> fellow, feudal, fief
fee (n.): Middle English, representing the merger or mutual influence of two words, one from Old English, one from an Old French form of the same Germanic word, and both ultimately from a PIE root meaning "cattle."

The Old English word is feoh "livestock, cattle; movable property; possessions in livestock, goods, or money; riches, treasure, wealth; money as a medium of exchange or payment," from Proto-Germanic *fehu- (cognates: Old Saxon fehu, Old High German fihu, German Vieh "cattle," Gothic faihu "money, fortune"). This is from PIE *peku- "cattle" (cognates: Sanskrit pasu, Lithuanian pekus "cattle;" Latin pecu "cattle," pecunia "money, property").

The other word is Anglo-French fee, from Old French fieu, a variant of fief "possession, holding, domain; feudal duties, payment" (see fief), which apparently is a Germanic compound in which the first element is cognate with Old English feoh.

Via Anglo-French come the legal senses "estate in land or tenements held on condition of feudal homage; land, property, possession" (c. 1300). Hence fee-simple (late 14c.) "absolute ownership," as opposed to fee-tail (early 15c.) "entailed ownership," inheritance limited to some particular class of heirs (second element from Old French taillir "to cut, to limit").

The feudal sense was extended from landholdings to inheritable offices of service to a feudal lord (late 14c.; in Anglo-French late 13c.), for example forester of fe "a forester by heritable right." As these often were offices of profit, the word came to be used for "remuneration for service in office" (late 14c.), hence, "payment for (any kind of) work or services" (late 14c.). From late 14c. as "a sum paid for a privilege" (originally admission to a guild); early 15c. as "money payment or charge exacted for a license, etc."

词态变化

复数 fees;

权威造句

1. He finally corrected his misstatement and offered to reduce the fee.: 他终于纠正了自己的错误说法，提出要减少费用。

2. He responded positively and accepted the fee of £1,000 I had offered.: 他作出了肯定的答复，并接受了我给的1，000英镑的费用。

3. Sometimes there"s a flat fee for carrying out a particular task.: 有时执行某项特定的任务有固定的价码。

4. A higher fee does not necessarily mean a better course.: 收费更高并不意味着课程就一定更好。

5. He threatens to dock her fee.: 他威胁要扣掉她的服务费。

近反义词

charge

dues

fare

toll

相似短语

contingent fee n. 成功酬金

audit fee 审计费

license fee 牌照费

handling fee 手续费

repeat fee 回放费

parking fee 停车费

attendance fee 出席费

special fee 特别费

television fee 无线电传真费

trust fee 信托费

单词分析

这些名词均有“价格，费用”之意。
charge指提供服务时索取的费用，也指货物的价格、价钱。
price指商品在市场出售的价格，尤指卖方对商品所提出的单价。比喻意义指付出的代价。
fee指上学、求医以及找律师等付的费用，还可指会费、借书费等。
fare侧重指旅行时所付的车、船费等费用。
cost指生产某东西的成本，也泛指商品的价格，可与price换用。
expense常指实际支付的费用总数额，有时也指钱的花费。这些名词都可表示“工资、收入”之意。
earnings多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。
allowance指收入中的补贴部分。
income与earnings含义很相近，但前者强调总收入。
salary指按年定下，按月或星期平均给予的报酬，指脑力劳动者的薪水。
wage多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。
pay是个通用词，可取代salary与wage.
fee指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。

记忆方法

1. 记忆：谐音：费。

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