gross是什么意思，gross怎么读

gross基本信息

读法：英 [grəʊs] 美 [ɡros]

释义：

使用频率：★★★

星级词汇：★★★★

英英释义

Noun:

中英词源

gross 总的

来自拉丁语grossus, 厚的，粗糙的。可能来自PIE*ghreu, 刮，磨，词源同great. 即刮下来来的粗糙大块状物体，后来指大的，总的。

gross

gross: [14] Gross comes via Old French gros from late Latin grossus ‘large, bulky’, a word of unknown origin (not related to German gross ‘large’). Its association with literal physical size has now largely died out in English, in the face of a growing figurative role in such senses as ‘coarse, vulgar’ and (of amounts) ‘total, entire’. Its use as a noun meaning ‘144’, which dates from the 15th century, comes from the French phrase grosse douzaine ‘large dozen’. Grocer is a derivative, as is engross [14]; this originally meant ‘buy up wholesale’, hence ‘gain exclusive possession of’ and, by metaphorical extension, ‘occupy all the attention of’.
=> engross, grocer

gross (adj.)

mid-14c., "large;" early 15c., "thick," also "coarse, plain, simple," from Old French gros "big, thick, fat; tall; strong, powerful; pregnant; coarse, rude, awkward; ominous, important; arrogant" (11c.), from Late Latin grossus "thick, coarse" (of food or mind), in Medieval Latin "great, big" (source also of Spanish grueso, Italian grosso), a word of obscure origin, not in classical Latin. Said to be unrelated to Latin crassus, which meant the same thing, or to German gross "large," but said by Klein to be cognate with Old Irish bres, Middle Irish bras "big."

Its meaning forked in English. Via the notion of "coarse in texture or quality" came the senses "not sensitive, dull stupid" (1520s), "vulgar, coarse in a moral sense" (1530s). Via notion of "general, not in detail" came the sense "entire, total, whole, without deductions" (early 15c.), as in gross national product (1947). Meaning "glaring, flagrant, monstrous" is from 1580s; modern meaning "disgusting" is first recorded 1958 in U.S. student slang, from earlier use as an intensifier of unpleasant things (gross stupidity, etc.).

gross (n.)

"a dozen dozen," early 15c., from Old French grosse douzaine "large dozen;" see gross (adj.). Earlier as the name of a measure of weight equal to one-eighth of a dram (early 15c.). Sense of "total profit" (opposed to net (adj.)) is from 1520s.

gross (v.)

"to earn a total of," 1884, from gross (adj.) in the "whole, total" sense. Slang meaning "make (someone) disgusted" (usually with out) is from 1971. Related: Grossed; grossing.

词态变化

复数 grosses;
第三人称单数 grosses;
过去式 grossed;
过去分词 grossed;
现在分词 grossing;
比较级 grosser;
最高级 grossest;
名词 grossness;

权威造句

1. I only resist things like chocolate if I feel really gross.

我只有在觉得自己胖得很难看的时候才能拒绝巧克力这类东西的诱惑。

来自柯林斯例句

2. His gross misman-agement left the company desperately in need of restructuring.

他管理上的重大失误使公司陷入亟须重组的境地。

来自柯林斯例句

3. They were found guilty of acts of gross indecency.

他们因存在严重猥亵行为而被判有罪。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Interest is paid gross, rather than having tax deducted.

利息是按照总收入给付，未扣除税金。

来自柯林斯例句

5. Is reading a child"sdiary always a gross invasion of privacy?

偷看孩子的日记一定是对个人隐私的严重侵犯吗？

来自柯林斯例句

近反义词

adj.

coarse

complete

entire

whole

v.

earn

pick up

take in

相似短语

by the gross 【经】 整批, 按箩计算

in gross 趸批地,大量地;大体上,总的说来

in the gross adv.大量,大体上

the gross prep.大量的(总的说来,大体上

gross activity 总放射性

gross anatomy 大体解剖，巨视解剖学，巨视解剖学

gross credit 总收入

gross discharge 毛流量，总流量

gross earnings 总收入,总收益

gross evaporation 毛蒸发量

单词分析

这些形容词都表示“完整的，全部的，整个的”之意。
entire除了有whole的意思外，还强调既不能加一个也不减少一个的含义。
whole比entire更普通，强调每个组成部分都包括在内，无一漏掉或舍去。
complete强调事物在内容、程度、或数量方面已完整，已达标准。
full侧重指内容，含有能包括所有的充足内容的意味。
total与complete用法相近，但强调总量。
gross侧重指未打折扣，未除去成本或皮重等与净重、净数相对。
all有时可与whole,entire和total换用。 这些形容词均含“粗鲁的，粗俗的”之意。
vulgar侧重指对听者的冒犯，往往强调粗野，言行、趣味不高，缺乏教养。
coarse指缺乏教养，言谈粗俗，举止粗野，可与vulgar换用。
crude与vulgar同义，也指言谈举止粗俗，不文雅，缺乏教养。
gross语气强烈，指粗鲁、无礼貌，令人讨厌。

记忆方法

暂无,等待补充.

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