litter是什么意思_litter怎么读_中英文释义(含例句用法)

litter: litter: [13] The word litter has come a long way semantically since it was born, from ‘bed’ to ‘rubbish scattered untidily’. It goes back ultimately to Latin lectus ‘bed’, a distant relative of English lie and source of French lit ‘bed’ (which forms the final syllable of English coverlet [13], etymologically ‘bed-cover’). From lectus was derived medieval Latin lectāria, which passed into English via Old French litiere and Anglo-Norman litere ‘bed’.

This original sense was soon extended in English to a ‘portable conveyance or stretcher’, which still survives, just, as an archaism, but the word’s main modern sense, which first emerged fully in the 18th century, derives from the notion of scattering straw over the floor for bedding.
=> coverlet
litter (n.): c. 1300, "a bed," also "bed-like vehicle carried on men"s shoulders" (early 14c.), from Anglo-French litere "portable bed," Old French litiere "litter, stretcher, bier; straw, bedding," from Medieval Latin lectaria "litter" (altered in French by influence of lit "bed"), from Latin lectus "bed, couch," from PIE *legh-to-, from root *legh- "to lie" (see lie (v.2)).

Meaning extended early 15c. to "straw used for bedding" (early 14c. in Anglo-French) and late 15c. to "offspring of an animal at one birth" (in one bed); sense of "scattered oddments, disorderly debris" is first attested 1730, probably from Middle English verb literen "provide with bedding" (late 14c.), with notion of strewing straw. Litter by 19c. had come to mean both the straw bedding and the animal waste in it after use.
litter (v.): late 14c., "provide with bedding," from litter (n.). Meaning "to strew with objects" is from 1713. Transitive sense of "to scatter in a disorderly way" is from 1731. Related: Littered; littering.

词态变化

复数 litters;
第三人称单数 litters;
过去式 littered;
过去分词 littered;
现在分词 littering;

权威造句

1. On Wednesday we cleared a beach and woodland of litter.: 星期三我们清理了一块海滨林地的垃圾。

2. Animals reject the runt of the litter.: 动物会丢弃最弱小的幼仔。

3. Wear rubber gloves when handling cat litter.: 清理猫粪时要带上橡胶手套。

4. There will be fines for people who drop litter .: 乱扔垃圾的人将被罚款。

5. a litter of puppies: 一窝小狗

近反义词

rubbish 垃圾

trash 废物

disorder 混乱

waste 废物

confusion 惶惑

jumble 掺杂

family 家庭

brood 一窝

young 年轻的

scatter 散播

spoil 宠坏

strew 散播

rubble 瓦砾

debris 碎片

junk 垃圾

scrap 碎片

clutter 弄乱

garbage 垃圾

dislocate 使脱臼

muss 搞乱

remainder 剩余物

couch 长椅

refuse 拒绝

bedding 寝具（人或动物）...

bedding material 垫底材料

相似短语

in litter (狗、猪等)正在产仔

deep litter 厚垫草

wheeled litter 床车

in a litter adv.正在产仔

litter magnet 磁力清理垃圾器

creating litter 【法】弃置废物

litter stretcher 担架

leaf litter 落叶层

litter box （宠物的）屎尿盆

kitty litter phr. 猫砂；猫窝

单词分析

这些名词均含“废物，垃圾”之意。
waste普通用词，概念广泛，指任何被丢弃的东西。
garbage主要指有机废料，包括厨房的剩菜剩饭或不能再用的食物。也可作引申用。
rubbish普通用词，指任何成堆的、破损的、用过的或无用的东西，尤指弃掉的垃圾堆。也可作引申用。
litter是四下乱丢物品的总称，尤指散落于地，有碍观瞻的废物。
debris着重指分解、分裂或破坏后剩下的碎片，也指零散的普通废品。
junk指回收的旧汽车或大型机器，也指毫无实用价值，或破烂物体，但不指垃圾。

记忆方法

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litter是什么意思，litter怎么读

litter基本信息

英英释义

中英词源