fast是什么意思_fast怎么读_中英文释义(含例句用法)

unrestrained by convention or morality;"Congreve draws a debauched aristocratic society"
"deplorably dissipated and degraded"
"riotous living"
"fast women"

hurried and brief;"paid a flying visit"
"took a flying glance at the book"
"a quick inspection"
"a fast visit"

securely fixed in place;"the post was still firm after being hit by the car"

unwavering in devotion to friend or vow or cause;"a firm ally"
"loyal supporters"
"the true-hearted soldier...of Tippecanoe"
"fast friends"

(of a photographic lens or emulsion) causing a shortening of exposure time;"a fast lens"

Adverb:

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form);"how fast can he get here?"
"ran as fast as he could"
"needs medical help fast"
"fast-running rivers"
"fast-breaking news"
"fast-opening (or fast-closing) shutters"

firmly or closely;"held fast to the rope"
"her foot was stuck fast"
"held tight"

Verb:

abstain from certain foods, as for religious or medical reasons;"Catholics sometimes fast during Lent"

abstain from eating;"Before the medical exam, you must fast"

中英词源

fast 稳固的，快的，绝食

来自PIE*past,固定，稳固，进一步来自PIE*pag, 固定，连接，词源同fang, pact.用于宗教术语斋戒，绝食。同时由稳固的衍生词义快速的。类似词义演变参照very, 原义真实的，fair, 原义美丽的，或汉语成语欲速则不达。

fast: fast: [OE] Widely dissimilar as they now seem, fast ‘quick’ and fast ‘abstain from food’ in fact come from the same ultimate source. This was Germanic *fastuz, which denoted ‘firm’. That underlying sense persists in various contexts, such as ‘hold fast’ and ‘fast friend’. The verbal application to ‘eating no food’ originated in the notion of ‘holding fast to a particular observance’ – specifically, abstinence from food.

The use of fast for ‘quick’ is a much later development, dating from the 13th century. It probably comes from a perception of fast ‘firm’ containing an underlying connotation of ‘extremity’ or ‘severity’.
fast (adj.): Old English fæst "firmly fixed, steadfast, constant; secure; enclosed, watertight; strong, fortified," probably from Proto-Germanic *fastu- "firm, fast" (cognates: Old Frisian fest, Old Norse fastr, Dutch vast, German fest), from PIE root *past- "firm, solid" (source of Sanskrit pastyam "dwelling place").

Meaning "rapid, quick" is from 1550s, from the adverb (q.v.). Of colors, from 1650s; of clocks, from 1840. The sense of "living an unrestrained life, eager in pursuit of pleasure" (usually of women) is from 1746 (fast living is from 1745). Fast buck recorded from 1947; fast food is first attested 1951. Fast lane is by 1966; the fast track originally was in horse-racing (1934), one that permits maximum speed; figurative sense by 1960s. Fast-forward is by 1948, originally of audio tape.
fast (v.): "abstain from food," Old English fæstan "to fast" (as a religious duty), also "to make firm; establish, confirm, pledge," from Proto-Germanic *fastan "to hold fast, observe abstinence" (cognates: Old Frisian festia, Old High German fasten, German fasten, Old Norse fasta "abstain from food"), from the same root as fast (adj.).

The original meaning in prehistoric Germanic was "hold firmly," and the sense evolved via "have firm control of oneself," to "hold oneself to observance" (compare Gothic fastan "to keep, observe," also "to fast"). Perhaps the Germanic sense shifted through use of the native words to translate Medieval Latin observare in its sense "to fast." The verb in the sense "to make fast" continued in Middle English, but was superseded by fasten. Related: Fasted; fasting.
fast (n.): "act of fasting," late Old English fæsten "voluntary abstinence from food and drink or from certain kinds of food," especially, but not necessarily, as a religious duty; either from the verb in Old English or from Old Norse fasta "a fast, fasting, season for fasting," from a Proto-Germanic noun formed from the verbal root of fast (v.). In earlier Old English fæsten meant "fortress, cloister, enclosure, prison."
fast (adv.): Old English fæste "firmly, securely; strictly;" also, perhaps, "speedily," from Proto-Germanic *fasto (cognates: Old Saxon fasto, Old Frisian feste, Dutch vast, Old High German fasto, German fast "firmly, immovably, strongly, very"), from *fastu- (adj.) "firm, fast" (see fast (adj.)).

The meaning "quickly, swiftly, rapidly" was perhaps in Old English, certainly by c. 1200, probably from or developed under influence of Old Norse fast "firmly, fast." This sense developed, apparently in Scandinavian, from that of "firmly, strongly, vigorously" (to run hard means the same as to run fast; also compare fast asleep, also compare Old Norse drekka fast "to drink hard," telja fast "to give (someone) a severe lesson"). Or perhaps from the notion of a runner who "sticks" close to whatever he is chasing (compare Old Danish fast "much, swiftly, at once, near to, almost," and sense evolution of German fix "fast, fixed; fast, quick, nimble," from Latin fixus). The expression fast by "near, close, beside" also is said to be from Scandinavian. To fast talk someone (v.) is recorded by 1946.

词态变化

第三人称单数 fasts;
过去式 fasted;
过去分词 fasted;
现在分词 fasting;
比较级 faster;
最高级 fastest;

权威造句

1. Megamalls and fast food restaurants line the highway system.: 公路系统沿线有大型商场和快餐店。

2. The auguries of death are fast gathering round his head.: 死亡凶兆迅速地在他脑海中盘旋。

3. Word has been spreading fast of the incidents on the streets.: 有关街头骚乱的消息迅速传播开来。

4. Daly was a fast-talking Irish-American who had started out as a salesman.: 达利是个花言巧语的爱尔兰裔美国人，最初是干推销员的。

5. The band was starting to play a fast, loud number.: 乐队奏起一首很大声的快歌。

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近反义词

adj.

quick

rapid

secure

solid

speedy

swift

tight

adv.

firmly

like a flash

quickly

rapidly

securely

speedily

swiftly

tightly

相似短语

As fast as prep.随着,象...那样快

as fast as prep.随着,象...那样快

at fast and loose 耍滑头,反复无常

thick and fast 大量而急速地;频频;密集地

fast blink 快速闪烁

fast bolometer 快速测辐射热计，快速辐射热测量计

fast chopper 快速断路器

fast circuit 快速电路

fast connect 快速连接

fast fission 快中子裂变

单词分析

暂无,等待补充.

记忆方法