2012 年是中国经济自 2008 年金融危机以来最困难的一年 中国经济增速 14 年来首次跌破 8%。尽管
2012 年是中国经济自 2008 年金融危机以来最困难的一年，中国经济增速 14 年来首次跌破 8%。尽管处于转型期的中国经济出现了增长放缓，但得益于中国政府各项行之有效的宏观调控政策和金融改革措施，中国在工业、金融业、服务业等方面取得了很多成就。
全年全国规模以上工业增加值同比增长 10.0%，增速同比回落 3.9 个百分点。2012 年全国规模以上工业企业实现利润 55578 亿元，同比增长 5.3%。其中，国有及国有控股企业实现利润 14163 亿元，同比下降5.1%，而集体企业和私营企业利润则大幅上升，分别上升 7.5%和 20%。这表明我国非公制经济正成为推动国民经济发展的重要力量。
金融方面，我国金融改革取得了前所未有的突破。温州、深圳多地成为金融综合改革试点地区。这种“自下而上”式的改革方式，力求进一步理顺中央和地方的金融管辖权，有效缓解中小企业融资难，引导民间融资规范发展，提升金融服务实体经济能力。同时，利率和汇率市场化改革提速，进一步发挥市场在金融资源配置中的基础性作用。
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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正确答案：
参考译文：
China’s economy had undergone a most difficult year in 2012 since theoutbreak of the 2008 financial crisis, with its growth rate declining to below8% for the first time in 14 years. Despite the slowdown in growth in a period ofeconomic transition, China has achieved much progress in industrial, financialand service sectors, thanks to the effective macro-economic policies andfinancial reform. measures introduced by the Chinese government.
In 2012, the total value added of the industrial enterprises above designatedsize was up by 10.0 percent year-on-year, a 3.9 percent decline in growth ratecompared with last year. The profits of industrial enterprises above designatedsize amounted to 5557.8 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5 percent from last year.The state-owned and state-controlled industrial enterprises gained a profit of1416.3 billion yuan, a 5.1 percent decline year-on-year, while collective andprivate industrial enterprises saw significant increases in their profits, 7.5percent and 20% year-on-year respectively, which suggests that the non-publicsector has been emerging as an important driving force behind China’seconomy.
On the financial sector, financial reforms had made substantive progresswhich was unprecedented, with Wenzhou and Shenzhen, among many others, being thefirst cities that conducted a pilot program of comprehensively reforming thefinancial structure.This “bottom to top” approach to financial reform. tries tosort out the roles of central and local government in jurisdiction overfinancial affairs, effectively reduce the difficulty small and medium-sizedbusiness have in raising fund and guide the development of private financing ina legal and standardized way, thus strengthening the role the financial sectorplays in serving the real economy. What’s more, there had been an accelerationin reforms to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate market-based, whichwould further ensure that the market plays a fundamental role in allocatingfinancial resources.
解析：
本文节选自一篇介绍 2012年中国经济、工业、金融等方面的文章，文章的难度不大，语句较为好理解。难点之一就是“规模以上工业企业”、“增加值”。“规模以上工业企业”是一个概念，即：年产值超过2000 万元的工业企业。在不知道这一数额的情况下可以理解为：工业产值达到某特定水平的工业企业。两种翻译方法为“industrial enterpriseswith annual revenue of 20 million yuan or more”、“industrial enterprises abovedesignated size”，显然第二种翻译更为简洁。