temper是什么意思_temper怎么读_中英文释义(含例句用法)

a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling;"whether he praised or cursed me depended on his temper at the time"
"he was in a bad humor"

a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger;"his temper was well known to all his employees"

the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking

Verb:

bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling;"temper glass"

harden by reheating and cooling in oil;"temper steel"

adjust the pitch (of pianos)

make more temperate, acceptable, or suitable by adding something else; moderate;"she tempered her criticism"

restrain

中英词源

temper 脾性，性情，脾气，火气，怒火

来自 temper,调和。在中世纪医学理论特指人体内的四种体液的组合或融合，即血液，黏液，胆汁液，黑胆汁，这四种体液的组合决定了人的脾性和性情，因而引申诸相关词义。词义火气缩写自 bad temper.更多参照 humor 词源。

temper 回火，管控，调和，调节

来自拉丁语 temperare,调节，管控，掌握火候，把控时间，来自 tempus,时间，词源同 temporal. 比喻用法，即掌握好时间。

temper: temper: [OE] The verb temper was borrowed into Old English from Latin temperāre ‘mix, blend’. This seems originally to have meant ‘mix in due proportion’, and so may have been derived from Latin tempus ‘time, due time’ (source of English temporary). The noun temper was derived from the verb in the 14th century in the sense ‘mixture of elements’, and this led on in the 17th century to ‘set of mental traits’ (a meaning that has now largely passed to the derivative temperament [15]).

The modern sense ‘ill humour’ emerged from this in the 19th century. Another meaning of Latin temperāre was ‘restrain oneself’, which has come through into the derivatives temperance [14] and temperate [14]. Other relatives include distemper and temperature. Tamper probably originated as an alteration of temper.
=> distemper, tamper, tempera, temperature
temper (v.): late Old English temprian "to moderate, bring to a proper or suitable state, to modify some excessive quality, to restrain within due limits," from Latin temperare "observe proper measure, be moderate, restrain oneself," also transitive, "mix correctly, mix in due proportion; regulate, rule, govern, manage," usually described as from tempus "time, season" (see temporal), with a sense of "proper time or season." Meaning "to make (steel) hard and elastic" is from late 14c. Sense of "to tune the pitch of a musical instrument" is recorded from c. 1300. Related: Tempered; tempering.
temper (n.): late 14c., "due proportion of elements or qualities," from temper (v.). The sense of "characteristic state of mind, inclination, disposition" is first recorded 1590s; that of "calm state of mind, tranquility" in c. 1600; and that of "angry state of mind" (for bad temper) in 1828. Meaning "degree of hardness and resiliency in steel" is from late 15c.

词态变化

复数 tempers;
第三人称单数 tempers;
过去式 tempered;
过去分词 tempered;
现在分词 tempering;

权威造句

1. She was still in a temper when Colin arrived.: 科林到的时候，她气还没有消。

2. I"ve never seen him get cross or lose his temper.: 我从未见过他生气或者发火。

3. Though he had a temper and could be nasty, it never lasted.: 虽然他爱发脾气，而且有时还很讨厌，但向来都只是一阵儿。

4. Mick was stubborn and domineering with a very bad temper.: 米克既固执又专横，脾气还很坏。

5. He had a terrible temper, and sometimes he would completely lose control.: 他的脾气很坏，有时会完全失控。

近反义词

feeling

mood

相似短语

fly into temper 暴怒，盛怒

temper number 回火后硬度

temper troostite 回火屈氏体

temper aging 回火时效

short temper n. 急性子，脾气暴躁

incompatibility of temper 【法】性情不合

lost temper 退火[减低硬度]

show temper v. 急躁

draw the temper 回火

drawing temper 回火处理

单词分析

这些名词均有“性格、气质、性情、习性”之意。
temper指从感情方面体现出来，决定处理问题或应付形势的方式的性格或性情，这种性情可以是暂时的也可以长久的。
character指对个性或人格所作出的客观评价，常常与道德有关。
nature指天生的、不可改变性格。
personality主要指一个人稳定的心理特征。
disposition书面用词，指人的主要爱好或思想、精神方面的重要习性、气质。也可指短暂的情绪。
complexion指由思维方式、态度和情绪所决定的本质特征。

记忆方法

temper脾气(太泼);

temper是什么意思，temper怎么读

temper基本信息

英英释义